About L&Co Staff Auditors

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Linford & Co., LLP, founded in 2008, is comprised of professional and certified auditors with specialized expertise in SOC 1, SOC 2, HIPAA, HITRUST, FedRAMP and royalty/licensing audits. Our auditors hold CPA, CISA, CISSP, GSEC licenses and certifications. Learn more about our company and our leadership team.

ALL ARTICLES BY L&Co Staff Auditors:
CSOCs, The Cloud, & SOC Reports

Complementary Subservice Organization Controls (CSOCs), Cloud Considerations, & SOC Reports

Gartner analysts said that more than 85% of organizations will embrace a cloud-first principle by 2025 and will not be able to fully execute their digital strategies without the use of cloud-native architectures and technologies. With this ever-increasing move to a cloud environment, do you know what complementary subservice organization controls are, how to distinguish […]

IT Governance (GEIT) and SOC 2

Connecting IT Governance (GEIT) & SOC 2

With today’s rapid development and advancement in technology, organizations are more challenged than ever to align business and IT strategies with objectives, establish company-wide IT governance, and classify data. Failing to prioritize your company’s IT governance limits full benefits realization. By auditing IT governance implementation, strategies, processes, and controls, organizations can ensure their IT portfolio […]

Understanding security maturity models

Security Maturity Models: Common Levels of Maturity & How They’re Evaluated

With an ever-changing landscape of security threats and available tools and resources, it is important for organizations to periodically evaluate their security maturity and seek to make improvements to maintain a well-balanced security posture. Throughout this blog, we will explore the concept of the capability maturity model with a focus on security maturity in an […]

Risk matrix 101

When, How, And Why To Use A Risk Matrix

All SOC 2 examinations must include security common criteria. This includes reviewing a company’s (i.e. entity’s) risk assessment process (risks identified, risk matrix, controls in place to address the risks, etc.). However, one of the challenges that the AICPA has found when it comes to doing risk assessments is that companies are unclear on what […]

SOC 2 risk assessment criteria

The SOC 2 Risk Assessment Criteria: Through the Eyes of an Auditor

The most important common criteria tested within the SOC 2 report is the risk assessment. An organization’s risk assessment is the heart and soul of the SOC 2 report. Unfortunately, there are many consequences for lacking well-defined risk assessment and risk management processes: Business/system failure Financial loss Noncompliance with national and foreign laws, regulations, and […]

PHI vs PII vs PCI

PII, PHI, PCI: Understanding the Differences for Compliance

Personal Identifying Information (PII), Payment Card Industry (PCI) information, and Protected Health Information (PHI) are all information requiring heightened controls to protect the owning person from exploitation. This year alone has seen significant breaches of personal data from Aon (insurance provider), MCG Health (health management system), and Block (cash application/payment processor), impacting roughly 9 million […]

Audit fatigue

What is Audit Fatigue? How to Mitigate Common Stresses From Multiple Audits

Think of the types of compliance audits or assessments that an organization may have throughout the year – SOC 1, SOC 2, PCI DSS, HIPAA compliance audits, Internal Audits, FedRAMP, and HITRUST assessments just to name a few. The list seems to ever increase as new regulations are added. The origination of an audit could […]

PCI & SOC 2 audit requirements

PCI and SOC 2 Audit Requirements: Combining PCI & SOC 2 Audits

Clients often ask me if policies and processes put in place for the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) compliance can be used to pass their Service Organization Control (SOC) 2 audit. While some overlap exists between the security procedures required to “pass” your PCI and SOC 2 audits, the biggest difference between […]

Types of penetration tests and tools

Types of Penetration Tests: A Look at Different Pentest Techniques & Tools

We have a few blogs written on penetration testing. These blogs include information on the steps or phases to properly conduct a penetration test, how penetration tests relate to satisfying SOC 2 requirements, information on how penetration testing compares to vulnerability assessments, and more. Feel free to check out these related blogs: External Penetration Testing […]

SOC 2 Data Centers: Becoming compliant

How to Become a Compliant SOC 2 Data Center: Auditor Guidance

When determining a cloud hosting or colocation provider, customers want to have assurance that they are utilizing a safe, secure, and competent provider. As such, data center providers can undertake a number of IT audits or examinations in order to demonstrate to customers and prospects that they have controls in place to protect client data […]